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Do you know how many residences were sold in Turkey in 2016?

MuhasebeNews — Fri, 26 Oct 2018 08:00:35 +0000

In Turkey, 1.198.440 residences were sold in the first 11 months in 2016.

According to the statistics published after the research of General Directorate of Land Registers and done by Turkish Statistical Institute;

***1.198.440 residences were sold in the first 11 months in 2016 with reference to all of the cities in Turkey.

In Turkey, the three cities with the most residential sales for 2013-2014-2015 (for 12 months) and for 2016 (for the first 11 months) respectively;
-Istanbul is placed on the top with 907.291 sales,
-Ankara is ranked at the second place with 545.087 sales,
-Izmir is ranked at the third place with 294.337 sales.The three cities where the residential sales of 12 months of 2013-2014-2015 and the first 11 months of 2016 are stated below;
-Hakkari is the last place with 597 sales
-Ardahan is the second last place with 682 sales
-Şırnak is the third last place with 2.873 sales.

In general, the residential sale table of all the cities for 12 months of 2013-2014-2015 and the first 11 months of 2016 is presented below;Source: Turkish Statistical Institute – General Directorate of Land Registers
Date: 25 January 2017

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Do You Know The Numbers Of Starting – Closing Companies Of 2016-2017 July On City Basis?

MuhasebeNews — Tue, 12 Sep 2017 12:45:08 +0000

The numbers and of types of Starting – Closing Companies of 2016-2017 July on city basis are shown on the table below:
According to the table;
1- City of İstanbul; The number of companies that were started in the year of 2016, the month of July was 1.177, this number has risen to 1.902 in 2017, July.
2- City of Ankara; The number of companies that were started in the year of 2016, the month of July was 332, this number has risen to 597 in 2017, July.
3- City of Izmir; The number of companies that were started in the year of 2016, the month of July was 176, this number has risen to 324 in 2017, July.

Source: Turkish Union of Chambers and Exchange Commodities

House Sales Statistics in Turkey, April 2017

MuhasebeNews — Thu, 01 Jun 2017 08:18:27 +0000

In April 2017, 114 446 houses were sold in Turkey
In Turkey, house sales increased by 7.6% in April 2017 compared to the same month of the previous year and hence, became 114 446. For the house sales of April 2017, İstanbul had the highest share of house sales with 17.5% and 20 066 sold house. The followers of İstanbul were Ankara with 13 364 house sales and 11.7% and İzmir 7 170 house sales and 6.3%. The least house sold provinces were Hakkari with 4 house sales, Ardahan with 8 house sales, Şırnak with 18 house sales.

Number of house sales, 2016-2017
In April 2017, 43 334 ownership of the houses changed by mortgage sales
The mortgaged house sales throughout Turkey became 43 334 by increasing 29.6% compared to the same month of the previous year. House sales with mortgage had a 37.9% share of all house sales in Turkey. Most of house sales with mortgage was in İstanbul with 8 546 sales. İstanbul was the first province in Turkey ranking that has most house sales with mortgage share with 19.7%. Mortgaged house sales had the highest share in Ardahan with 87.5% of all house sales.

Ownership of 71 112 houses changed by other sales
Other house sales in Turkey became 71 112 by decreasing 2.5% compared to the same month of the previous year. In the other sales, İstanbul was the first province with 11 520 sales and 16.2% share. Other house sales had 57.4% share of all house sales in İstanbul. Ankara was the second province with 8 047 sales. Ankara was followed by İzmir with 4 149 sales. The least other house sales was realized in Ardahan with 1 house sales.

House sales by type of sales, April 2017

House sales by state of sales, April 2017

In house sales, 51 988 of houses were sold for the first time
First house sales in Turkey became 51 988 by increasing 10.8% compared to the same month of the previous year. First house sales had 45.4% share of all house sales in Turkey. The most first house sales was in İstanbul with 9 380 sales. İstanbul was the first province in Turkey ranking that had most first house sales share with 18%. The followers of İstanbul were Ankara with 5 206 house sales and İzmir with 2 872 house sales.

Ownership of 62 458 houses changed by second hand sales
Second hand house sales in Turkey became 62 458 by increasing 5.1% compared to the same month of the previous year. In the second hand sales, İstanbul was the first province again with 10 686 sales and 17.1% share. Share of the second hand sales was 53.3% in İstanbul in total house sales. Ankara was the second province with 8 158 sales and Ankara was followed by İzmir with 4 298 sales.

In April 2017, 1 624 houses were sold to foreigners
In house sales to foreigners became 1 624 by increasing 2.7% compared to the same month of the previous year. İstanbul was the first province with 571 sales in April 2017. The followers of İstanbul were Antalya with 385 house sales, Bursa with 109 house sales, Trabzon with 97 house sales, Yalova with 69 house sales and Ankara with 65 house sales.

Most house sales were made to Iraqi citizens according to country nationalities
Iraqi citizens bought 245 houses from Turkey in April. The followers of Iraq were Saudi Arabia with 185 house sales, Kuwait with 169 house sales, Russia with 99 house sales and Afghanistan with 81 house sales.

Building Permits in Turkey, January-March, 2017

MuhasebeNews — Wed, 31 May 2017 10:25:32 +0000

Floor area of buildings given Construction Permits decreased by 17.2%
In the first three months of 2017 compared with the previous year, number of buildings, floor area of buildings, value of buildings and number of dwelling units decreased by 15.0%, 17.2%, 3.6% and 11.6% respectively according to the Construction Permits given by municipalities to the buildings.

Buildings given Construction Permits in the total of January-March 2017;

Total floor area of buildings realized as 45.0 million m² and 25.4 million m² of it realized as residential building, 10.0 million m² of it realized as nonresidential building and 9.6 million m² of it realized as common used area.

According to the use of building, two and more dwelling residential buildings had the highest share with 34.6 million m². It was followed by public entertainment, education, hospital or institutional care buildings with 2.5 million m².

According to the type of investor, private sector had the highest share with 37.7 million m². It was followed by public sector with 6.8 million m² and construction cooperatives with 592 thousand m²respectively. According to the number of dwelling units, from total 228 thousand 918 dwellings, 210 thousand 881 of it was taken by private sector, 16 thousand 458 of it was taken by public sector and thousand 579 of it was taken by construction cooperatives.

According to the provinces, İstanbul had the highest share with 9.3 million m². It was followed by Ankara with 4.7 million m² and İzmir with 2.2 million m² respectively. The provinces which had the lowest floor area were Muş, Bayburt and Bitlis respectively.

According to the dwelling units, İstanbul had the highest share with 53 thousand 554 dwelling units. It was followed by Ankara with 16 thousand 352 dwelling units and İzmir with 14 thousand 247 dwelling units respectively. The provinces which had the lowest dwelling units were Muş, Hakkari and Bayburt respectively.

Floor area of buildings given Occupancy Permits increased by 22.0%
In the first three months of 2017 compared with the previous year, number of buildings, floor area of buildings, value of buildings and number of dwelling units increased by 8.7%, 22.0%, 42.2% and 17.9%
respectively according to the Occupancy Permits given by municipalities to the buildings.

Buildings given Occupancy Permits in the total of January-March 2017;

Total floor area of buildings realized as 39.3 million m² and 22.1 million m² of it realized as residential building, 9.1 million m² of it realized as nonresidential building and 8.1 million m² of it realized as common used area.

According to the use of building, two and more dwelling residential buildings had the highest share with 28.7 million m². It was followed by public entertainment, education, hospital or institutional care buildings with 2.6 million m².

According to the type of investor, private sector had the highest share with 32.5 million m². It was followed by public sector with 5.8 million m² and construction cooperatives with 979 thousand m²respectively. According to the number of dwelling units, from total 194 thousand 36 dwellings, 175 thousand 7 of it was taken by private sector, 14 thousand 910 of it was taken by public sector and 4 thousand 119 of it was taken by construction cooperatives.

According to the provinces, İstanbul had the highest share with 7.9 million m². It was followed by Ankara with 4.0 million m² and İzmir with 2.3 million m² respectively. The provinces which had the lowest floor area were Bayburt, Gümüşhane and Şırnak, respectively.

According to the dwelling units, İstanbul had the highest share with 44 thousand 3 dwelling units. It was followed by Ankara with 17 thousand 336 dwelling units and İzmir with 11 thousand 557 dwelling units respectively. The provinces which had the lowest dwelling units were Bayburt, Hakkari and Ağrı, respectively.

Youth in Statistics of Turkey, 2016

MuhasebeNews — Wed, 31 May 2017 07:56:47 +0000

Young population constituted 16.3% of Turkey’s population
According to the results of Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS), while the total population of Turkey was 79 million 814 thousand 871 at the end of 2016, the young population at the age group of 15-24 was 12 million 989 thousand 42. Young population constituted 16.3% of total population. While young male population constituted 51.2% of young population, young female population constituted 48.8% of it.

The province with the highest proportion of young population was Hakkari
According to the results of ABPRS, Hakkari had the highest proportion of young population with 25.5% in 2016. Hakkari was followed by Şırnak with 23.9% and Siirt with 23.1%. The provinces with the lowest proportion of young population were Muğla with 13.2%, Balıkesir with 13.5% and Sinop with 13.7%, respectively.

The proportions of young population by first 5 provinces, 2016

Net schooling ratio in higher education for females was 42.6%
In Turkey, net schooling ratio in higher education in 2014/’15 educational year was 39.5%, this ratio increased to 40.9% in 2015/’16 educational year. While this ratio for males increased from 38% to 39.2%, for females it increased from 41.1% to 42.6%.

The rate of young people in neither education nor employment was 24%
According to the results of household labor force survey, the rate of young people in neither education nor employment was 24% in 2016. This rate was 14.6% for young males and 33.5% for young females.

While unemployment rate was 18.5% for young people in 2015, it was 19.6% in 2016. This rate was 17.4% for young males and 23.7% for young females in 2016. Unemployment rate of young males increased by 0.9 points, unemployment rate of young females showed an increase of 1.5 points compared to the previous year.

51.1% of employed young people took part in service sector
Employment rate of young people was 34.1% in 2016 with decreasing 0.1 points compared to 2015. 17.6% of employed young people were involved in agricultural sector, 31.3% of them were in industrial sector and 51.1% was in service sector.

Deaths due to external causes of injury and poisoning was higher in young people
According to the results of causes of death statistics, when the causes of death of the individuals aged 15 and over was analyzed; it was seen that the external causes of injury and poisoning constituted 4.3% of deaths, in 2016. While the proportion of deaths for young people was 50.5% due to external causes of injury and poisoning, this proportion was 57.3% for young males and 31.8% for young females.

While the proportion of deaths due to benign and malignant tumors in young people was 12.1%, this proportion was 10.2% for young males and 17.4% for young females.

Four out of every five young people used Internet
According to the results of information and communication technology usage survey in households, the proportion of Internet usage for young people at the age group of 16-24 increased to 87.5% in 2016 while this proportion was 82.4% in 2015. While this proportion for young males was 94.2% in 2016 with an increase of 4.8 points, this proportion was 80.7% for young females with an increase of 5.2 points compared to the previous year.

65.1% of young people mentioned that they were happy
According to the results of life satisfaction survey: the proportion of young people at the age group of 18-24 who mentioned that they were happy was 65.1% in 2016, while it was 63.8% in 2015. This proportion for young males was 60% while it was 70.2% for young females.

63.6% of young people were satisfied with the education they received
According to the results of life satisfaction survey; in 2016, 63.6% of the young people declared that they were satisfied from the education they received up to now. 64.2% of the young males were satisfied from the education they received while 63% of young females were satisfied from the education they received.

Young people considered job satisfaction more important than income
According to the results of life satisfaction survey; in 2016, 78.7% of the young people were satisfied from the job, while 51% of them were satisfied from their income. For young males, the proportion of satisfaction from job was 77% and the satisfaction from the income was 51.5%, while for young females these proportions were 82.4% and 50%.

Health was the first source of happiness of young people
According to the results of life satisfaction survey; in 2016, health was the first value as a source of happiness of young people with 54.6%. This was followed by love with 20% and success with 15.4%. While the first value as a source of happiness for young males and females did not change, in the second order, it was success for young males with 17.7% and love for young females with 24.1%. Love took place in the third order as a source of happiness for young males with 15.8% while success took place in the third order as a source of happiness for young females with 13.2%.

Young females married with arranged marriage while young males with their own decision
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; while 43.3% of the young people aged 15-24 married with arranged marriage and their own consent, 36.8% married with their own decision with approval of their family. It was seen that 13.6% of the young people married with eloping/abduction.

While 45.3% of young males and 35.3% of young females married with their own decision with approval of their family, 33.4% of young males and 45% of young females married with arranged marriage and their own consent.

While 51% of young people met their spouses by family and relative network, this proportion was 45.5% for young males and 52% for young females. The proportion of young people who met their spouses through the Internet was 3%. This proportion was 5.7% for young males, and 2.6% for young females.

Parents had problems with young people mostly about smoking
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; parents declared that smoking was the most common problem with their children between the ages of 18-25 and living in the same household, with 16%. While mothers had problems with their children about smoking with 18.3%, fathers had problems with 13.2% on this subject.

It was stated that the biggest problems among the parents and young people after the smoking were choice of friends with 15.4%, use of mobile phone and style of clothing with 14.4%.

42.9% of young people agreed with persons from different religious sect would marry
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; when the thoughts of individuals aged 15 and over about marriage were analyzed, while 36.6% of the individuals agreed with persons from different sectarian people would marry each other, this proportion was 42.9% for young people. 46.1% of young males and 39.6% of young females agreed with persons from different sectarian people would marry each other.

Most important feature sought by young people in their future spouse was being a reliable person
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; when personal and social qualifications sought by young people in their future spouse were examined, it was seen that 98.5% of young people considered important that the person to be married was a reliable person/not lying. 98.1% of the young people declared that it was important for the person to be married to be loyal to their partner and 97.7% considered that to be patient and tolerant was important.

It was seen that 48.6% of the young people did not care about having a similar political view with the person to be married. 41.6% of the young people declared that it was not a matter that the person to be married had a high income level/wealth and 41% stated that they did not care about being with the same social circle with the person to be married.

95.5% of the young people considered cheating of the females as precise reason for divorce
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; when the situations considered as precise reason for divorce were examined by age groups, it was seen that 95.5% of the young people declared the most important divorce reason as females’ cheating their husband even for once. 93.8% of the young people declared that males’ cheating their wife even for once was the second most important reason for divorce. It was declared that males’ maltreatment towards their wife (beating, insulting etc.) was considered as the third most important reason by young people with 89.6%.

Failing to have a baby by wife and husband was not considered important as precise reason for divorce by young people. While only 6.2% of the young people declared that males’ failing to have a baby was precise reason, 6.8% declared that females’ failing to have a baby was precise reason for divorce.

Statistics on Family in Turkey, 2016

MuhasebeNews — Thu, 11 May 2017 13:14:13 +0000

Average household size was 3.5
According to the results of Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS); in Turkey, the average household size showed a tendency to decrease. It declined from 3.7 persons in 2012 to 3.5 in 2016. When it was analyzed by provinces; the province with the highest average size of households was Şırnak with 6.7 persons in 2016. Şırnak was followed by Hakkari with 5.9 and Şanlıurfa with 5.8 persons. The province with the lowest average size of households was Çanakkale with 2.7 persons. Çanakkale was followed by Eskişehir, Balıkesir and Tunceli with 2.8 persons.

The proportion of one-family households increased
One-family (nuclear family) is defined as families comprising a couple without children, or a couple with at least one child, or a lone-parent with at least one child. Within the scope of this definition, according to the results of ABPRS; while the proportion of one-family households in our country was 67.4% in 2014, this proportion was 66.4% in 2016. While the proportion of one-family households was 13.9% in 2014, it was observed that this proportion increased to 14.9% in 2016.

As the proportion of extended family households which cover multi-family households or at least one nuclear family with non-family member(s) was 16.7% in 2014, this proportion was 16.3% in 2016. It was observed that while the proportion of multi-person households without nuclear families was 2.1% in 2014, it increased to 2.4% in 2016.

Proportion of households by type, 2014-2016

Tunceli had the highest proportion of one-person households
The province which had the highest proportion of one-person households was Tunceli with 24.9% in 2016. This province was followed by Giresun with 22.8% and Eskişehir and Gümüşhane with 22.6%, respectively. The province which had the lowest proportion of one-person households was Diyarbakır with 8.3%. This province was followed by Batman with 8.7% and Van with 8.8%, respectively.

The proportions of one-person households by first 5 provinces, 2016

Kayseri had the highest proportion of one-family households
The province which had the highest proportion of one-family households was Kayseri with 72.6% in 2016. Kayseri was followed by Osmaniye with 71.9% and by Ankara with 71.3%. The province which had the lowest proportion of one-family households was Şırnak with 55.3%. This province was followed by Kastamonu with 56.6% and Tunceli with 57.2%.

The proportions of one-family households by first 5 provinces, 2016

Lone-parent with at least one child families constituted 8.2% of households
The proportion of lone-parent with at least one child families in total households was 8.2% in Turkey in 2016. When it was analyzed in more detail, 1.7% of total households were lone-father with at least one child families, 6.5% was lone-mother with at least one child families.

İzmir had the highest proportion of lone-parent with resident children families
The provinces with the highest proportion of lone-parent with at least one child families were in İzmir with 10%, Adana with 9.8% and Malatya with 9.7%, the provinces with the lowest proportion were in Bayburt with 5.8%, Tokat with 5.9% and Bitlis, Nevşehir, Burdur and Yozgat with 6.2% in 2016.

The provinces with the highest proportion of lone mothers with at least one resident child were İzmir with 7.9%, Adana with 7.8% and Bingöl and Hatay with 7.7%, the provinces with the lowest proportion were Bayburt with 4.5%, Ardahan with 4.6% and Tokat with 4.7%. The provinces with the highest proportion of lone fathers with at least one resident child were Malatya with 2.6%, Gümüşhane with 2.5% and Iğdır and Kilis with 2.4%, the provinces with the lowest proportion were Nevşehir, Kayseri and Tokat with 1.2%.

Şırnak had the highest proportion of extended family households
The province which had the highest proportion of extended family households was Şırnak with 29.9% in 2016. This province was followed by Hakkari with 26.4% and Batman with 25.9%. The province which had the lowest proportion of extended family households was Çanakkale with 10.3%. This province was followed by Eskişehir with 10.5% and Balıkesir with 11.2%.

The proportions of extended family households by first 5 provinces, 2016

Females didn’t complete their education mostly for the reason of their families’ not allowing
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; the proportion of the individuals aged 15 and over, who didn’t complete education even though they wanted to continue, was 18.3%. When the reasons for the individuals who didn’t complete education was analyzed; it was seen that the first reason was economic reasons with 45.5%, the second one was the family’s not allowing with 22.7% and the third one was failure in education with 12.3%.

When the reasons for the individuals who didn’t complete education was analyzed by sex; it was observed that while males didn’t complete their education mostly for the reasons of economic reasons with 58.7%, failure in education with 16.6% and the family’s not allowing with 7.5%, females didn’t complete their education mostly for the reasons of the family’s not allowing with 38.1%, economic reasons with 32.3% and getting married/engaged/becoming mother/being pregnant with 9.5%.

Individuals met with their spouses by family and relative network mostly
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; when the social networks where the individuals aged 15 and over and who had experienced marriage, met with their spouses was examined; it was seen that 49.8% of the individuals met their spouses by family and relative network, 28.2% met their spouses by neighborhood network, 10.3% met by friends network (outside school and work) throughout the country. When how individuals met their spouses was analyzed by sex; it was seen that 47.8% of males and 51.5% of females met with their spouses by family and relative network.

23.2% of the individuals stated that they were relative with their spouses
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; when it was examined whether the individuals who were aged 15 and over and had experienced marriage were related to their spouses; it was observed that 23.2% of the individuals were relative with their spouses.

According to Statistical Regions (SR) Level 1; the region which had the most common consanguineous marriage was TRC South East Anatolia (Gaziantep, Adıyaman, Kilis, Şanlıurfa, Diyarbakır, Mardin, Batman, Şırnak, Siirt) with 42.6%. The region which had the lowest observation on consanguineous marriage was TR2 West Marmara (Tekirdağ, Edirne, Kırklareli, Balıkesir, Çanakkale) with 8.9%.

Females were decision maker on house layout while males were on holiday and entertainment
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; when the decision makers on some selected issues for individuals aged 15 and over living in household was analyzed by sex; it was seen that females had decision making priority on house layout with 78.1%, shopping with 58% and relations with neighbors with 56.1%, respectively. Males were decision maker on holiday and entertainment with 70.6%, house selection with 65.9% and relations with relatives with 59.7%.

Females spent 5 times more time than males on household and family care
According to the results of time use survey, 2014-2015; when the time spent on household and family care activities by individuals aged 15 and over was examined; it was seen that the average time for this activity was 2 hours 45 minutes per day. While males spent 53 minutes, females spent 4 hours 35 minutes for this activity. When the time spent on household and family care was analyzed by employment status; it was seen that while employed individuals aged 15 and over spent 1 hour 34 minutes, non-employed individuals spent 3 hours 47 minutes per day on average.

When the time spent on household and family care was analyzed by employment status and sex; it was seen that while employed males spent 46 minutes, employed females spent 3 hours 31 minutes per day on average. For household and family care activities, non-employed males spent 1 hour 7 minutes and non-employed females spent 4 hours 59 minutes.

14.5% of time allocated to household and family care was spent on child care
According to the results of time use survey, 2014-2015; when time distribution in household and family care for the individuals aged 15 and over was examined, it was seen that 14.5% of this time was allocated to child care. While males allocated 17.2% to child care of total time spent to household and family care, females allocated 14.1% to child care.

Istanbul had the highest number of foster parents
According to Ministry of Family and Social Policy’s data; throughout Turkey by the date of 8 May 2017, number of foster parents was 4 thousand 242. Examining the number of foster parents by province, it was seen that Istanbul had the highest number with 386 foster parents. Istanbul was followed by İzmir with 310, Ankara with 254, Kayseri with 160 and Kocaeli with 140 foster parents, respectively.

53.5% of the individuals didn’t want to be foster parent
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; when individuals aged 15 and over were asked whether they wanted to be foster parent or not, 30.4% of them stated that they wanted to be a foster parent, 53.5% of them did not want to be a foster parent and 16.1% of them did not have any information about it. The proportion of males who wanted to be a foster parent was 28.2% and the proportion of women was 32.6%.

When the proportion of willingness to be a foster parent was examined by SR Level 1; the region with the highest proportion of individuals who stated that they wanted to be a foster parent was TR9 East Black Sea (Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin, Gümüşhane) with 42.4% and the region with the lowest proportion was TRC Southeast Anatolia with 17.2%.

Relatives and neighborhood were visited mostly for exchanging greetings in religious holidays
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; when individuals’ aged 15 and over frequencies of visits to relatives and neighborhood in special situations were examined, it was seen that they visited their relatives and neighborhood mostly for exchanging greetings in religious holidays with 65.4%.

It was seen that exchanging greetings in religious holidays was followed by to give condolences with 61.6%, to ceremonies and celebrations such as wedding with 59.3%, visiting patients with 56.7%, to see the new born baby of acquaintance with 49.5%, visiting graves with 47.5%, to bid farewell and to greet an acquaintance for military service with 46.9%, upon their return from pilgrimage with 46.8% and to celebrate the newly purchased home of acquaintance with 45.9%, respectively.

Families made individuals happiest
According to the results of life satisfaction survey, the proportion of the individuals aged 18 and over who stated that their families made them happiest was 70.2% in 2016. While the proportion of males who mentioned that their families made them happiest was 76.3%, this proportion was 64.3% for females.

74.4% of the individuals stated that their families were happy
According to the results of family structure survey, 2016; when having been examined how the individuals aged 15 and over assessed their families’ general level of happiness, 74.4% of them stated that their families were happy, 20% of them stated that their families’ general level of happiness was neither happy nor unhappy and 5.7% of them stated that their families were unhappy.

SR Level 1, the region with the highest proportion of individuals who stated that their families were happy was TR7 Central Anatolia (Kırıkkale, Aksaray, Niğde, Nevşehir, Kırşehir, Kayseri, Sivas, Yozgat) with 81.1% and the region with the lowest proportion was TRC Southeast Anatolia with 64.9%.

Having fixed line telephone decreased as having mobile phone increased
According to the results of information and communication technology usage survey in households and by individuals; when the availability of devices in households was examined; it was seen that while the proportion of availability of desktop computers in households was 10% in 2004, it increased to 34.3% in 2011. This proportion showed tendency to decrease in the following years and was 22.9% in 2016.

While the proportion of availability of portable computer (laptop, tablet, netbook, etc.) in households was 0.9% in 2004, this proportion showed tendency to increase in the following years and was 49% in 2016. It was seen that while the proportion of availability of mobile phone (including smart phone) in households was 53.7% in 2004, it increased to 96.9% in 2016, as the proportion of availability of fixed line telephone was 81.6% in 2004, it was seen that this proportion decreased to 25.6% in 2016.

When the proportion of access to the Internet in households analyzed, it was seen that while this proportion was 7% in 2004, it was 76.3% in 2016.

21.9% of the individuals were below the poverty threshold
According to the results of income and living conditions survey; when at risk of poverty threshold was examined by taken equalized household disposable income criteria 60% into consideration, it was seen that the proportion of the individuals who lived below the poverty threshold was 21.9% in 2015. When the proportion of poverty by household types was analyzed; it was observed that 29.3% of households with one adult with at least one dependent children lived below the relative poverty threshold.

Dependent child is defined as a child who is under the age of 18 or in the age group of 18-24, economically inactive and living with at least one parent. While the poverty rate of households having dependent children was 26.7%, it was 7.9% for the households having no dependent children.

The most important housing problem was inability of heating the dwelling due to isolation
According to the results of income and living conditions survey; when the ownership status of dwelling was examined; it was seen that 60.4% of the individuals were owner and 23.3% were tenant in their residence.

It was observed that 43% of individuals faced with problems about heating their dwelling due to isolation, 39% of individuals faced with problems about leaking roof, damp walls, floors or foundation, or rot in window frames of floor and 24.2% of them faced with pollution, grime due to traffic/industry or other environmental problems in 2015.

Building Permits in Turkey, January-December, 2016

MuhasebeNews — Sat, 01 Apr 2017 10:00:50 +0000

Floor area of buildings given construction permits increased by 7.3%
In 2016 compared with the previous year, number of buildings, floor area of buildings, value of buildings and number of dwelling units increased by 5.5%, 7.3%, 15.4% and 10.6% respectively according to the construction permits given by municipalities.

Total floor area of buildings given construction permits in 2016 realized as 202.3 million m² and 112.8 million m² of it realized as residential building, 48.2 million m² of it realized as nonresidential building and 41.3 million m² of it realized as common used area.

According to the use of building, two and more dwelling residential buildings had the highest share with 150.9 million m². It was followed by public entertainment, education, hospital or institutional care buildings with 11.5 million m².

According to the type of investor, private sector had the highest share with 169.9 million m². It was followed by public sector with 29.0 million m² and construction cooperatives with 3.4 million m²respectively. According to the number of dwelling units, from total 986 thousand 119 dwellings, 908 thousand 687 of it was taken by private sector, 64 thousand 604 of it was taken by public sector and 12 thousand 828 of it was taken by construction cooperatives.

According to the total floor area of buildings, İstanbul had the highest share with 38.9 million m². It was followed by Ankara with 17.7 million m² and İzmir with 9.2 million m² respectively. The provinces which had the lowest floor area were Hakkari, Ardahan and Şırnak respectively.

According to the dwelling units, İstanbul had the highest share with 213 thousand 526 units. It was followed by Ankara with 67 thousand 514 units and İzmir with 50 thousand 367 units respectively. The provinces which had the lowest dwelling units were Hakkari, Şırnak and Bayburt respectively.

Floor area of buildings given occupancy permits increased by 5.1%
In 2016 compared with the previous year, number of buildings, floor area of buildings, value of buildings and the number of dwelling units increased by 0.3%, 5.1%, 14.2% and 2.5% respectively according to the occupancy permits given by municipalities.

Total floor area of buildings given occupancy permits in 2016 realized as 150.3 million m² and 86.1 million m² of it realized as residential building, 36.0 million m² of it realized as nonresidential building and 28.2 million m² of it realized as common used area.

According to the use of building, two and more dwelling residential buildings had the highest share with 110.4 million m². It was followed by wholesale and retail trade buildings with 8.7 million m².

According to the type of investor, private sector had the highest share with 130.1 million m². It was followed by public sector with 16.2 million m² and construction cooperatives with 3.9 million m²respectively. According to the number of dwelling units, from total 750 thousand 336 dwellings, 683 thousand 642 of it was taken by private sector, 47 thousand 612 of it was taken by public sector and 19 thousand 82 of it was taken by construction cooperatives.

According to the total floor area of buildings, İstanbul had the highest share with 28.1 million m². It was followed by Ankara with 13.4 million m² and İzmir with 8.7 million m² respectively. The provinces which had the lowest floor area were Ardahan, Hakkari and Bayburt respectively.

According to the dwelling units, İstanbul had the highest share with 158 thousand 709 units. It was followed by Ankara with 59 thousand 352 units and İzmir with 47 thousand 35 units respectively. The provinces which had the lowest dwelling units were Ardahan, Şırnak and Hakkari respectively.

Labor Force Statistics in Turkey, 2016

MuhasebeNews — Sat, 01 Apr 2017 08:57:31 +0000

Unemployment rate realized as 10.9%
Number of unemployed persons aged 15 years old and over has realized as 3 million 330 thousand persons with 273 thousand persons increase in 2016 compared to the previous year. Unemployment rate realized as 10.9% with 0.6 percentage point increase. Unemployment rate realized as 9.6% with 0.4 percentage point increase for male, 13.7% with 1.1 percentage point increase for female.

In the same year, non-agricultural unemployment rate realized as 13% with 0.6 percentage point increase. While youth unemployment rate including 15-24 age groups realized as 19.6% with 1.1 percentage point increase, unemployment rate for 15-64 age group occurred as 11.1% with 0.6 percentage point increase.

Employment rate realized as 46.3%
Number of employed persons aged 15 years old and over realized as 27 million 205 thousand persons with 584 thousand persons increase and employment rate occurred as 46.3% with 0.3 percentage point increase. Employment rate occurred as 65.1% with 0.1 percentage point increase for male and 28% with 0.5 percentage point increase for female.

Agricultural employment decreased as 178 thousand persons and non-agricultural employment increased as 763 thousand persons. Of those who were employed in 2016; 19.5% was employed in agriculture, 19.5% was employed in industry, 7.3% was employed in construction and 53.7% was employed in service sector. Employment in services increased by 1.5 percentage point, construction increased by 0.1 percentage point while the share of agriculture decreased by 1.1 percentage point and industry decreased by 0.5 percentage point compared to the previous year.

Labor force participation rate realized as 52%
Labor force realized as 30 million 535 thousand persons with 857 thousand persons increase and labor force participation rate realized as 52% with 0.7 percentage point increase in 2016. Labor force participation rate was realized as 72% with 0.4 percentage point increase for male and 32.5% for female with 1 percentage point increase.

Main labor force indicators, 2015, 2016

The highest unemployment rate realized in TRC3 region including Mardin, Batman, Şırnak and Siirt provinces
The region had the highest unemployment rate was TRC3 region including Mardin, Batman, Şırnak and Siirt provinces with 28.3% and the lowest unemployment rate was in TR90 region including Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin and Gümüşhane provinces with 4.5% .

Unemployment rate (%), SR Level II, 2016

The highest employment rate was in TR82 region including Kastamonu, Çankırı and Sinop provinces
The highest employment rate was TR82 region including Kastamonu, Çankırı and Sinop provinces with 54%. The lowest employment rate was in TRC3 region including Mardin, Batman, Şırnak and Siirt provinces with 28% .

Employment rate (%), SR Level II, 2016

The highest labor force participation rate realized in TR21 region including Tekirdağ, Edirne and Kırklareli provinces
The highest labor force participation rate realized in TR21 region including Tekirdağ, Edirne and Kırklareli provinces with 57.9%. The lowest labour force participation rate realized in TRC3 region including Mardin, Batman, Şırnak and Siirt provinces with 39.1%.

The Results of Address Based Population Registration System in Turkey, 2016

MuhasebeNews — Sat, 01 Apr 2017 08:36:22 +0000

The population of Turkey became 79 814 871 people as of December 31, 2016
In 2016, the population residing in Turkey grew by 1 million 73 thousand 818 people compared to the previous year. Male population was 40 million 43 thousand 650 people and female population was 39 million 771 thousand 221 people. While 50.2% of the total populations were males, 49.8% of the total populations were females.

Annual population growth rate of Turkey was 13.5 in thousands
Annual population growth rate increased to 13.5‰ in 2016 from 13.4‰ in 2015.

Proportion of population living in province and district centers was 92.3%
Proportion of population residing in province and district centers increased to 92.3% in 2016 from 92.1% in 2015. Proportion of population living in towns and villages was 7.7%.

Number of people living in İstanbul increased by 1%
The most populated province was İstanbul with 14 million 804 thousand 116 inhabitants, constituting 18.5% of Turkey’s population. This province was followed by Ankara with 5 million 346 thousand 518 inhabitants, İzmir with 4 million 223 thousand 545 inhabitants, Bursa with 2 million 901 thousand 396 inhabitants and Antalya with 2 million 328 thousand 555 inhabitants, respectively. The least populated province was Tunceli with 82 thousand 193 inhabitants.

Median age of Turkey’s population increased
The median age of the population in Turkey increased to 31.4 in 2016 from 31 in 2015. The median age was 30.8 for males while it was 32 for females. Provinces with the highest median ages were Sinop with 39.6, Balıkesir with 39.1, and Edirne with 38.8 respectively. Provinces with the lowest median ages were Şanlıurfa and Şırnak with 19.5, Ağrı with 20.5, Siirt with 20.8.

Population pyramid, 2016

Proportion of population in working age group increased by 1.6%
Proportion of population in 15-64 working age group increased by 1.6% and became 68% in 2016. While proportion of children aged 0-14 dropped to 23.7%, proportion of population aged 65 and over increased to 8.3%.

Number of people per square kilometer increased
The population density, which is the number of persons per square kilometer increased by 2 persons compared to 2015 and reached to 104 in 2016. The province with the highest number of persons per square kilometer was İstanbul with 2 849. This province was followed by Kocaeli with 507 persons, İzmir with 352 persons and Gaziantep with 290 persons. Besides, Tunceli had the smallest population density with 11 persons per square kilometer as the past year.

Population density of Konya which has the largest surface area was 56 and population density of Yalova which has the smallest surface area was 285.
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Marriage and Divorce Statistics in Turkey, 2016

MuhasebeNews — Wed, 29 Mar 2017 11:01:19 +0000

Marriages and divorces decreased compared to the previous year
While the number of couples who got married was 602 thousand 982 in 2015, it decreased by 1.4% compared to the previous year, and it was 594 thousand 493 in 2016. Crude marriage rate was 7.5 per thousand in 2016. While the number of couples who got divorced was 131 thousand 830 in 2015, it decreased by 4.3% compared to the previous year, and it was 126 thousand 164 in 2016. Crude divorce rate was 1.59 per thousand in 2016.

The highest crude marriage rate was in Kilis with 10.19 per thousand
The province having the highest crude marriage rate was Kilis with 10.19 per thousand in 2016. Kilis was followed by Aksaray with 8.78 per thousand, and Şanlıurfa and Adıyaman with 8.74 per thousand. The province having the lowest crude marriage rate was Gümüşhane with 5.07 per thousand. Gümüşhane was followed by Bayburt with 5.51 per thousand and Tunceli with 5.59 per thousand.

Crude marriage rate, 2016

The highest mean age difference at first marriage was in Kars
Mean age at first marriage was 27.1 for males and 24 for females in 2016. Age difference at first marriage between male and female was 3.1 years. The province having the highest mean age difference at first marriage was Kars with 4.7 years. Kars was followed by Ağrı with 4.3 years, and Bitlis, Ardahan and Iğdır with 4.2 years. The province having the lowest mean age difference at first marriage was Karabük with 2.4 years. Karabük was followed by Şırnak and Kastamonu with 2.5 years.

Syrian brides took first place among foreign brides
The number of foreign brides was 22 thousand 583 in 2016 and it comprised of 3.8% of total brides. When foreign brides were analyzed by citizenship, Syrian brides (6 thousand 495) took first place with 28.8%. Syrian brides were followed by German brides (2 thousand 644 persons) with 11.7% and Azerbaijani brides (2 thousand 170 persons) with 9.6%.

German grooms took first place among foreign grooms
The number of foreign grooms was 3 thousand 777 in 2016 and it comprised of 0.6% of total grooms. When foreign grooms were analyzed by citizenship, German grooms (one thousand 338 persons) with 35.4% took first place. German grooms were followed by Syrian grooms (377 persons) with 10% and Austrian grooms (291 persons) with 7.7%.

The highest crude divorce rate was in İzmir with 2.63 per thousand
The province having the highest crude divorce rate was İzmir with 2.63 per thousand in 2016. İzmir was followed by Muğla with 2.55 per thousand and Antalya with 2.46 per thousand. The provinces having the lowest crude divorce rates were Hakkari and Şırnak with 0.15 per thousand. These provinces were followed by Siirt with 0.23 per thousand and Muş with 0.25 per thousand.

39.1% of divorces occurred in the first five years of marriage
In 2016, 39.1% of divorces occurred in the first five years of marriage and 21% of divorces occurred in the marriages with the duration of 6-10 years.

Divorces by duration of marriage, 2015-2016