Poland – Muhasebe News https://www.muhasebenews.com Muhasebe News Mon, 20 Feb 2023 13:30:52 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.3.4 Poland’s producer prices are at a nearly one-year low https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/polands-producer-prices-are-at-a-nearly-one-year-low/ https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/polands-producer-prices-are-at-a-nearly-one-year-low/#respond Mon, 20 Feb 2023 13:30:52 +0000 https://www.muhasebenews.com/?p=138890 Polish producer prices rose by 18.5 percent annually in January 2023, slowing from the previously reported 20.5 percent increase and in accordance with market expectations. Due to sharp price decreases in the provision of electricity, gas, steam, and air conditioning, the reading was the lowest since February 2022. (58.7 percent vs 68.6 percent). They increased less quickly for production (13.5 percent vs 15.2 in December). On the other hand, costs for water supply, sewerage, waste management, and remediation operations increased further (27.8 vs 23.2 percent) and for mining and quarrying (5 percent vs 4.7 percent). Producer prices rose by 0.8 percent on a monthly basis, exceeding the previous rise of 0.6 percent.

Source: Trading Economics
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]]> https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/polands-producer-prices-are-at-a-nearly-one-year-low/feed/ 0 What Are The Most Polluting Countries In Europe? https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/what-are-the-most-polluting-countries-in-europe/ https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/what-are-the-most-polluting-countries-in-europe/#respond Wed, 08 Nov 2017 07:00:10 +0000 http://www.muhasebenews.com/?p=8247 The most polluting countries in Europe!!!

According to the recent researches, Poland is the most polluting country when it produces energy.

In accordance with the real-time statistics prepared by the founder of Tomorrow Oliver Corradi, Germany and Estonia are one of the most polluting countries.

In compliance with the same statistics, France and Sweden turn out to be among the least polluting countries together with Norway, despite the use of nuclear energy which is regarded as hazardous and uneconomic in the long run.

The experts indicate that EU countries need to exchange more energy so that they can export renewable energy which they produce more than they use.

Source: Euronews
Date: 14 January 2017

Legal Notice: The information in this article is intended for information purposes only. It is not intended for professional information purposes specific to a person or an institution. Every institution has different requirements because of its own circumstances even though they bear a resemblance to each other. Consequently, it is your interest to consult on an expert before taking a decision based on information stated in this article and putting into practice. Neither MuhasebeNews nor related person or institutions are not responsible for any damages or losses that might occur in consequence of the use of the information in this article by private or formal, real or legal person and institutions.

]]> https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/what-are-the-most-polluting-countries-in-europe/feed/ 0 4.4 bn som to be invested into Kyrgyz agriculture in 2017 https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/4-4-bn-som-to-be-invested-into-kyrgyz-agriculture-in-2017/ https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/4-4-bn-som-to-be-invested-into-kyrgyz-agriculture-in-2017/#respond Sun, 26 Mar 2017 09:00:39 +0000 https://www.muhasebenews.com/?p=11949 4.407 billion som of investments will be channeled to Kyrgyzstan for the implementation of agricultural projects in 2017, Tazabek reported citing the Ministry of Economy.

The list of projects to be implemented with this money includes:
– Expansion of Community Seed Funds (World Bank);
– Livestock and Market Development (International Fund for Agricultural Development);
– Livestock and Market Development – 2 (International Fund for Agricultural Development);
– Improving Pasture and Livestock Management (International Development Association);
– Financing supplies of agricultural machinery and equipment to the Kyrgyz Republic (Eurasian Development Bank);
– Financing the agricultural projects and development of agriculture in the regions (Poland);
– National Water Resources Management – Phase 1 (International Development Association).

Legal Notice: The information in this article is intended for information purposes only. It is not intended for professional information purposes specific to a person or an institution. Every institution has different requirements because of its own circumstances even though they bear a resemblance to each other. Consequently, it is your interest to consult on an expert before taking a decision based on information stated in this article and putting into practice. Neither MuhasebeNews nor related person or institutions are not responsible for any damages or losses that might occur in consequence of the use of the information in this article by private or formal, real or legal person and institutions.

]]> https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/4-4-bn-som-to-be-invested-into-kyrgyz-agriculture-in-2017/feed/ 0 Minimum Wages in the Other Countries https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/minimum-wages-in-the-other-countries/ https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/minimum-wages-in-the-other-countries/#respond Mon, 20 Mar 2017 12:51:20 +0000 https://www.muhasebenews.com/?p=11017 Introduction
The amount of minimum wages for the next year is determined in the meeting made in December being the last month of the previous year.

The institution which determines the amount of minimum wage is titled “Minimum Wage Determination Commission”.

Members of the Commission are listed below:
– 5 people – Representatives on behalf of the Government
– 5 people – Representatives from Turkish Company Union (on behalf of workers)
– 5 people – Turkey’s Employers’ Association

The amount of minimum wage in 2017 is supposed to be declared before the year ends.

1- What were the Amounts of Minimum Wages in Turkey for the Last Years?
The gross amounts of Minimum wages for 13 years between 2005 and 2017 are shown in the table below.

In the last column of the table, one may see the increase rate of minimum wages in comparison with the previous year.

The increase rate of minimum wage in 2016 is higher compared to the previous years. As minimum living allowance was included in minimum wage. In the previous years, minimum living allowance was not included in minimum wage.

2- How much is the Minimum Wage in 2016?
Minimum wage in 2016 including minimum living allowance;
Gross:                              1.647,00 TL
Net:                                 1.176,47 TL
Minimum Living Allowance: 123,53 TL (minimum)
Net Paid:                          1.300,00 TL (including minimum living allowance)

3- How much is the Minimum Wage in 2017?
The gross amount of minimum wage in 2017 is 1.777,50 TL and the minimum amount for an employee is 1.404,06 TL including minimum living allowance. Minimum living allowance is included in that amount. There will not be added minimum living allowance to the expounded amount.

Minimum wage in 2017 including minimum living allowance;
Gross:                              1.777,50 TL
Net:                                 1.270,75 TL
Minimum Living Allowance: 133,31 TL (minimum)
Net paid:                          1.404,06 TL (including minimum living allowance)

4- Where Would You Like to Live?
If minimum wage is taken into consideration while giving an answer to this question, the answer will be Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Australia or Belgium. For those countries have the maximum amount of minimum wage, according to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. Below, one may find the amount of annual minimum wages of some countries in the World in line with the data given by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. Turkey ranks number 20 in the list.

Date: 20 March 2017

Legal Notice: The information in this article is intended for information purposes only. It is not intended for professional information purposes specific to a person or an institution. Every institution has different requirements because of its own circumstances even though they bear a resemblance to each other. Consequently, it is your interest to consult on an expert before taking a decision based on information stated in this article and putting into practice. Neither MuhasebeNews nor related person or institutions are not responsible for any damages or losses that might occur in consequence of the use of the information in this article by private or formal, real or legal person and institutions.

]]> https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/minimum-wages-in-the-other-countries/feed/ 0 Investment Legislation https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/investment-legislation/ https://www.muhasebenews.com/en/investment-legislation/#respond Mon, 13 Mar 2017 13:39:08 +0000 http://www.muhasebenews.com/?p=10324 Turkey’s investment legislation is simple and complies with international standards, while it offers equal treatment for all investors. The backbone of the investment legislation is made up of the Encouragement of Investments and Employment Law No. 5084, Foreign Direct Investments Law No. 4875, the Regulation on the Implementation of the Foreign Direct Investment Law, multilateral and bilateral investment treaties and various laws and related sub-regulations on the promotion of sectorial investments.

Legal Framework of Foreign Direct Investment
1. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Law No. 4875

The aim of the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Law No. 4875 is:

  • to encourage FDI in the country
  • to protect the rights of investors
  • to align the definitions of an investor and investment with international standards
  • to establish a notification-based system rather than an approval-based one for FDI
  • to increase the volume of FDI through streamlined policies and procedures

The FDI Law provides a definition of foreign investors and foreign direct investments. In addition, it explains important principles of FDI, such as;

  • freedom to invest,
  • national treatment,
  • expropriation and nationalization,
  • freedom of transfer,
  • national and international arbitration and alternative dispute settlement methods,
  • valuation of non-cash capital,
  • employment of foreign personnel,
  • liaison offices.

The Regulation on the Implementation of the FDI Law consists of specifying the procedures and principles set forth in the FDI Law. The aim of the FDI Law with regard to the work permits for foreigners is:

  • to regulate the work carried out by foreigners
  • to stipulate the provisions and rules on work permits given to foreigners

    2. Bilateral Agreements
    2.    a. Bilateral Agreements for the Promotion and Protection of Investments
    Bilateral Agreements for the Promotion and Protection of Investments were signed from 1962 onwards with countries that show the potential to improve bilateral investment relations. The basic aim of bilateral investment agreements is to establish a favorable environment for economic cooperation between the contracting parties by defining standards of treatment for investors and their investments within the boundaries of the countries concerned. The aim of these agreements is to increase the flow of capital between the contracting parties, while ensuring a stable investment environment. In addition, by having provisions on international arbitration, they aim to prescribe ways to successfully settle disputes that might occur among investors and the host state. Turkey has signed Bilateral Investment Treaties with 94 countries. However, Turkey is a dualist country, where an international treaty has to be ratified and promulgated in order to become part of the national legal system. Within this regard, 75 Bilateral Investment Treaties out of these 94 have gone into effect so far.

75 countries
Afghanistan, Albania, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium-Luxembourg, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Lithuania, Macedonia, Malaysia, Malta, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Netherlands, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Yemen
Source: Ministry of Economy

2. b. Double Taxation Prevention Treaties
Turkey has signed Double Taxation Prevention Treaties with 80 countries. This enables tax paid in one of two countries to be offset against tax payable in the other, thus preventing double taxation.

80 countries
Albania, Algeria, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malaysia, Malta, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Serbia and Montenegro, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sudan, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Yemen
Source: Revenue Administration

Turkey is continuing to expand the area covered by the Double Taxation Prevention Treaty by adding more countries on an ongoing basis.

2. c. Social Security Agreements
Turkey has signed Social Security Agreements with 26 countries. These agreements make it easier for expatriates to move between countries. The number of these countries will increase in line with the increased sources of FDI.

26 countries
Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada and the Province of Quebec, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Georgia, Germany, Libya, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Slovakia, Serbia, South Korea, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, United Kingdom
Source: Social Security Institution (SSI)

3. Customs Union and Free Trade Agreements (FTA)
A Customs Union Agreement between Turkey and the European Union has been in effect since 1996. The agreement allows trade between Turkey and the EU countries without any customs restrictions. The EU-Turkey Customs Union is one of the steps toward full Turkish membership of the EU itself.

Turkey has FTAs with 37 countries, creating a free trade area in which the countries agree to eliminate tariffs, quotas and preferences on most goods and services traded between them. This framework explains why many global companies are now using Turkey as a second supply source and manufacturing base, not only for the EU and rapidly growing Turkish markets, but also for the Middle East, Black Sea and North African markets, with the added advantage of a relatively low-cost but well-educated labor force, coupled with cost-effective transportation.

37 countries
Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Egypt, Georgia, EFTA, Israel, South Korea, Macedonia, Morocco, Malaysia, Mauritius, Palestine, Jordan, Syria*, Tunisia, Montenegro, Serbia, Chile
Countries that have finalized the negotiation process: Faroe Islands, Ghana, Kosovo, Lebanon, Moldova, Singapore
Countries in the negotiation process: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cameroon, Colombia, Ecuador, Gulf Cooperation Council, Japan, Libya, Mexico, Mercosur, Peru, Seychelles, Ukraine *suspended
Source: Ministry of Economy

 Date: 13 March 2017

Legal Notice: The information in this article is intended for information purposes only. It is not intended for professional information purposes specific to a person or an institution. Every institution has different requirements because of its own circumstances even though they bear a resemblance to each other. Consequently, it is your interest to consult on an expert before taking a decision based on information stated in this article and putting into practice. Neither MuhasebeNews nor related person or institutions are not responsible for any damages or losses that might occur in consequence of the use of the information in this article by private or formal, real or legal person and institutions.

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